Abstract
Objective
A growing evidence base suggests home and neighborhood environmental exposures may
influence adolescent sleep, but few studies have assessed these relationships using
methods that account for time-varying, location-specific exposures, or multiple neighborhood
contexts. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using smartphone
global positioning system (GPS) tracking and ecological momentary assessment (EMA)
to assess time-varying home and neighborhood environmental exposures hypothesized
to be associated with adolescent sleep.
Methods
Adolescents aged 15-17 years in Philadelphia completed 7 days of continuous smartphone
GPS tracking, which was used to identify daily levels of exposure to geocoded neighborhood
factors (eg, crime, green space). Four daily EMA surveys assessed home sleep environment
(eg, noise, light), stress, health behaviors, and neighborhood perceptions. Feasibility
and acceptability of GPS tracking and EMA were assessed, and distributions of daily
environmental exposures were examined.
Results
Among 25 teens (mean age 16, 56% male), there was a high level of GPS location data
captured (median daily follow-up: 24 hours). Seventy-eight percent of EMA surveys
were completed overall. Most participants (96%) reported no privacy concerns related
to GPS tracking and minimal burden from EMA surveys. Exposures differed between participants’
home neighborhoods and locations visited outside the home neighborhood (eg, higher
crime away from home). Sleep environment disruptions were present on 29% of nights
(most common: uncomfortable temperature) and were reported by 52% of adolescents.
Conclusions
Results demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of mobile methods for assessing
time-varying home and neighborhood exposures relevant to adolescent sleep for up to
1 week.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 11, 2023
Accepted:
January 16,
2023
Received in revised form:
January 13,
2023
Received:
August 22,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
