Abstract
The United States (US) has more immigrants than any other country in the world, with
an estimated 44 million non-US-born individuals residing in the country as of 2018.
Previous studies have linked US acculturation to both positive and negative health
outcomes, including sleep. However, the relationship between US acculturation and
sleep health is not well understood. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesize
scientific studies on acculturation and sleep health among adult immigrants in the
US. A systematic search of the literature was performed in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and
Web of Science in 2021 and 2022 with no date limiters. Quantitative studies published
anytime in a peer-reviewed journal in English among an adult immigrant population
with an explicit measure of acculturation and a sleep health dimension, sleep disorder,
or daytime sleepiness measure were considered for inclusion. The initial literature
search yielded 804 articles for review; after removing duplicates, applying inclusion
and exclusion criteria, and searching reference lists, 38 total articles were included.
We found consistent evidence that acculturative stress was associated with worse sleep
quality/continuity, daytime sleepiness, and sleep disorders. However, we discovered
limited consensus on the association of acculturation scales and acculturation proxy
measures with sleep. Our review demonstrated that compared to US-born adult populations,
there is a high prevalence of adverse sleep health among immigrant populations, and
acculturation likely plays an important role in shaping this disparity, particularly
through acculturative stress.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 25, 2023
Accepted:
January 10,
2023
Received in revised form:
December 21,
2022
Received:
June 9,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
