Abstract
Objective/Design
Bedtime media use has been associated with poor sleep and attention difficulties among
adolescents, but much of this research has been cross-sectional, limiting current
understanding of directionality of effects. This 2-wave prospective study tested bidirectional
effects between bedtime media use and sleep measures, including time in bed, sleep
onset latency, and daytime sleepiness, and further examined whether bedtime media
use and sleep variables were related to attention control difficulties.
Setting/Participants
Data were collected from 345 middle-schoolers (ages 12-14, 47% female) at baseline
(T1) and at 6-month follow-up (T2).
Measurements
Students self-reported their access to media devices and internet in their bedroom,
bedtime media use, sleep, and attention control. Data were analyzed using cross-lagged
panel modeling.
Results
Greater bedtime media use (at T1) was associated with less time in bed and longer
sleep onset latency at T2, controlling for T1 levels of these variables. In the case
of sleep effects on bedtime media use, greater daytime sleepiness and less time in
bed (at T1) were associated with greater bedtime media use at T2, controlling for
T1 levels. Further, greater daytime sleepiness (at T2, controlling for T1 levels)
was associated with greater attention control difficulties at T2.
Conclusions
Findings provide evidence for some reciprocal relations between bedtime media use
and poor sleep in adolescents. Furthermore, higher daytime sleepiness was linked to
greater attention control difficulties.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 19, 2021
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© 2021 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
