Abstract
Objective
We investigated associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with cardiometabolic
outcomes.
Participants
Boys and girls aged 8–16 years from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino
Youth.
Measurements
Participants (n = 1,208) completed a clinical examination where anthropometric characteristics,
health behaviors, and health history were measured. Sleep duration was calculated
as the weighted average of self-reported weekday and weekend bedtimes and wake times
and categorized into age-specific cutoffs for short vs. normal sleep. “Social jetlag”
was defined as the absolute difference in the midpoint of the sleep period between
weekdays and weekends, measured continuously and dichotomized (≥2 hours), with higher
values indicating more displacement of sleep timing across the week. Regression models
tested the associations between sleep measures (separately) and cardiometabolic outcomes
(e.g., healthy eating index [0–100], physical activity-minutes per week, obesity,
diabetes, hypertension) after adjustment for covariates.
Results
The average sleep duration was 9.5 hours (95% confidence interval: 9.3, 9.6) and the
mean social jetlag was 2.5 (2.4, 2.7) hours. Participants with social jetlag reported
more physical activity (β = 34.8 [13.14], P < .01), had a higher healthy eating index (β = 1.77 [0.87], P < .05] and lower odds of being overweight [OR = 0.66, (95% confidence interval 0.44,
0.99)]. Short sleep duration was associated with less physical activity but did not
relate to other cardiometabolic outcomes.
Conclusions
Social jetlag was associated with healthier behaviors and a lower odds of being overweight.
Given these mixed findings, future research should further evaluate how to best characterize
sleep timing differences in youth to identify health consequences.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 23, 2020
Accepted:
February 28,
2020
Received in revised form:
December 11,
2019
Received:
February 6,
2019
Footnotes
Funding: Research reported in this publication was partly supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, (NHLBI) K01HL138211 and T32HL007901-18. CRI also received support from the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) Einstein-Montefiore Clinical and Translational Science Award (UL1 TR002556) and the Life Course Methodology Core (LCMC) at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translation Research (P30 DK111022-8786 and P30 DK111022) through funds from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. SR was supported by R35HL135818. The SOL Youth Study was supported by Grant Number R01HL102130 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The children in SOL Youth are drawn from the study of adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, which was supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236), and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237). The following Institutes/Centers/Offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communications Disorders, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Office of Dietary Supplements.
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