Abstract
Objectives
We examined (Study #1) the association of attitudes, subjective norms (SN), and perceived
behavioral control (PBC) with intentions to reduce late evening electronic device
(e-device) use and (Study #2) the impact of a brief theory-driven message on reducing
the use.
Methods
Young adults aged 18-30 years participated in Internet surveys to assess sleep quality,
attitudes, SN, PBC, and intentions to reduce and patterns of late evening e-device
use. In Study #1, participants (n = 160) were randomized to receive a Theory of Planned
Behavior (TPB)–driven message based on information from the National Sleep Foundation
and were assessed for intentions to decrease late evening e-device use immediately
afterward. In Study #2, participants (n = 148) were given the same message but were
assessed for behaviors 24 hours–1 week afterward.
Results
In Study #1, regressions indicated that less supportive attitudes and higher PBC were
associated with higher intention to reduce e-device use at baseline (P < .01); intentions and PBC were associated with current use (P < .01). Participants receiving the message were more likely to reduce late evening
e-device use intentions (adjusted odds ratio: 2.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-4.99).
In Study #2, those receiving the intervention with attitudes consistent with limiting
use were more likely to reduce use 24 hours–1 week after the intervention (adjusted
odds ratio: 3.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-8.91).
Conclusion
Attitudes and PBC were associated with intention to reduce late evening e-device use,
and our brief TPB-driven message benefited young adults with attitudes inconsistent
with use. TPB-based interventions can decrease late evening e-device use and promote
better quantity and quality of sleep.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 26, 2019
Accepted:
February 26,
2019
Received in revised form:
January 24,
2019
Received:
July 10,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
